Process for manufacturing steel tires and the like by forging and pressing ingots



Feb. 7, 1933. ENNE 1,896,704

PROCE FOR UFACTURING STEEL ES AND THE E BY GING AND PRESSIN NGOTS Fi March 13 1931 Patented Feb. 7,' 1933 1 UNITED s A'rE s "PATENT, OFFICE m nncmmnn; orsnname, mm

raocnss iron mime arm mans am) ran Lnm BY-IOBGING m 1 rnnssmemeo'rs Application. m is, 19:1 am No. 522,333, in; in Belgium much 22, mo.

The object of the present invention-isan improvement in the process of manufacturing steel tires, rims, bands, hoo'ps and flanges for wheels, by forg' g and pressing 1n ots.

It is a matter of act thatmgots ave a dead head containing the'segregatlons and impurities of the bloc and of course the material of said dead head must be ellmmated and cannot be used for manufacturing such steel tires, rims, bands, hoops and flan es, because such articles can on ybe manu actured with sound material.

Now, it is very difficult to eliminate just the segregation zone of the ingot and manifold processes have already been proposed either to cut away or to eliminate sald dead head. All processes hitherto known are very complicated and require manifold mampulations.

Now, the new process according to the mvention enables in a very simple manner to create a torus-shaped body containing only sound, material and apt to be worked for obtaining the finished steel, tire, rim, band, hoop, flange or the like.

The mam characteristics of said process consist in placing an ingot with its dead head down on a cavity of an anvil, flattening said ingot and simultaneously driving said dead head into the cavity of the anvil, thus ob- -taining a flat workpiece.- Then the flattening procedure is stopped, the workpiece 1s lifted up and a ring-die or bed-die is intercalated between said workpiece and said anvil, whereupon a mandrel is placed on the central part of said workpiece. Then the hammering or-forgin'gac'tion or pressing is continued so as to expel said central part of the workpiece by means of said mandrel, the latter passing entirely through the .workpiece, so that the central part falls out, of

same.

Obviously'the punching can be started by .means of the mandrel alone before inserting the ring-die.

The new process. will be described in detail'hereafter with reference to the diagrammatic figures of the accompanying drawing,

. showing the various phases of the manufacturing process 0 Fig. 1 1s a diagrammatlc vlew in cross secphase;

Fig. 3 shows the workpiece in a third phase with the hammer'and the anvil in a similar view as shown in Fig. 1 after insertion of a mandrel between: workpiece and hammer;

Fig. 4shows the finished workpiece.

In these figures, the head of the hammer is designed by reference numeral 1 and the anvilby numeral 7, both being shown in vertical axial cross section. The anvil has a semi-spherical central cavity 15,- whilst the hammer face 12 has in its center a small cavity 9 for the purpose indicated in the following description.

On executing the process of manufacturing steel tires, the truncated cone-shaped ini got- 11, heated to a suflicient temperature appropriate for swaging, is brought perpendicularly under the hammer 1 or hammer face 12 or under the head of the forging press (Fig. 1), the dead headof said ingot resting on the semi-spherical cavity 15 of the matrix or anvil 7.

The dead head of the ingot contains the segregations and impurities to be eliminated inkthe manufacture of tires, hoops and the By hammering the ingot, the dead head containing the before-mentioned segrega+ tions and impurities enters into the semispherical cavity 15 of the matrix or mould 7and takes the shape of this cavity. vOn

continuin the hammering action, the sound portion 0 the in 0t will be extended over the plane surface o the mould or anvil. The semi-spherical cavity 15 of the matrix 7 serves also to hold fast the dead head of the ingot and to bound it, so that the dead head does not enter into. the sound material, the latter building up the torus-shaped workpiece 3 (Fig. 2). p

As can be seen from said Fig. 2, the workpiece is now provided with an excrescence 5 having a shape according to the cavity 15, i. e. in the present case a semi-spherical sha e.- The cavity 15 has a ca acity-or volume a le to contain 15 to 20% o the ingot 11, as genof the workpiece a small babble just in its center, according to the central cavity 9 of the hammer face 12. @n the upper face of the workpiece a truncated mandrei 2 is placed, its position being fixed by said bubhis 10, because said mandrel has a corresponding cavity 1% in its base, and has also a small centerin bubble 13 corresponding to the cavity 9 of t e hammer face 12 (Fig. 4). On continuing forging or pressing, said mandrel 2 is driven into the central part of the workpiece 3 and so the sound material of the central part will be driven sidewards. The pressing or forging process is interrupted and a ring die 4- is inserted between the workpiece 3 and the anvil 7 and an auxiliary head piece 8 of cylindrical shape is placed on the top of the mandrel 2. This head piece 8 has in 1ts base also a small semi-spherical cavity 13, corresponding to the bubble on the top of the mandrel 2 and has also a top bubble correspondin with the cavity 9 of the head face of the ammer 1.

Now the forging or pressing process is continued for entirely expelling the central part of the workpiece, as can be seen from Fig. 4, where this central part lays in the semi-spherical cavit 15 of the anvil 7 and is entirely separate from the torus-shaped wor iece 32, the latter containing only soun material. The workpiece 32 with its central hole is now brought under another anvil for being forged there and afterwards it will be heated a ain, if necessary, and will be drawn out in t e usual manner.

After having rolled to rings, the latter may be cut into sections and said sections stretched'for making bars thereof which can be used for any purpose whatever.

For automatically centering the mandrel 2, the small cavitly 9 is provided in the hammer face 12, so t at this small cavity 9 creates in the axis of the workpiece the small projection or bubble 10 and as the base of the mandrel 2 possesses a corresponding small cavity 14, the centering of the mandrel is automatically obtained, and so it will be sure that only the central part of the workpiece, containing all segregations and impurities, that is to sa the central part corresponding to the dea head of the ingot will be driven out, e lled and separated from the sound part 0 the workpiece.

Furthermore, experience has shown that tires and e n re A. ingots, the

dead head a end-=7 complete teninc" said got 813ml,

ing t e dead head completely into said. cavity, thns obtaining a workpiece he? ing a central projection on the "face formed by the piping and segregation of the ingot, and punching out the central part of the workpiece together with said pro ecting portion.

2. In a recess of manufacturing steel tires and the l' e by forging and pressing ingots, the steps of placing an ingot with its dead head in a hemispherical cavity of an anvil, said cavity having a volume to completely receive the pi ing and segregation zone; flattening sai ingot and simultaneously drlving the dead head completely into said cavity so as to form a hemispherical projection, forming a centering projection on the face of the wor iece, and punchin out the central part of t e workpiece toget er with the proJecting dead hea In testimony whereof I signed hereunto my name.

ALBERT DECHIENNE.

on putting the ingot with its dead end on the 

